Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality are important measures to address climate change in China. Carbon emission reduction in aquaculture is crucial to achieving the dual carbon target. Therefore, studying and exploring low-carbon aquaculture technology has important practical significance. Based on the concept of low carbon development and the background of dual carbon goals, the present study analyzed the current situation and trends of low carbon aquaculture technology development at home and abroad, discussed the urgent issues to be solved in the development of low carbon aquaculture technology in China, and proposed relevant countermeasures in terms of innovation of low carbon technology, improvement of policies and regulations, and construction of professional personnel in combination with China’s national conditions, aiming at effectively reducing greenhouse gas emissions from China’s aquaculture industry,promoting high-quality green transformation of aquaculture industry to provide scientific reference and contribute to the realization of China’s dual carbon vision.